Certainty
Written by: Sk.
Younis Salih
Translated by: Dr. Faheem Bukhatwa.
27
Rabee-al-Awal 1429H
04
April
2008AC
All thanks be to
Allah, we ask His forgiveness and guidance. We go to Allah for protection from
the evil within us and from the bad of our deeds. This whoever is guided by
Allah will not be misguided, and whoever is misguided by Him will not be
guided. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah the one and only. And I
bear witness that Muhammad is his slave and messenger. Peace, prayers and
blessings be upon him, upon his family and all his companions.
We ask Allah, the
Lord of the magnificent throne, to bestow upon us the sweetness of faith, and
sense of certainty. We ask Him to make us among those who follow the best
advice they hear, and to give us the best outcome out of this life and the
next life. He is the most Hearing the one who answers prayers.
There are a number
of conditions associated with the testimony of “No God but Allah”, and
associated with the deeds of the hearts. In the past, the Imam talked about
two of those conditions: Truthfulness and the loving of Allah and His
messenger. Today the Imam talked about another condition which is: “The
Certainty in the testimony of No God but Allah”. There are eleven points or
concepts associated with certainty. The Imam discussed five of them in his
speech today, and they are:
1) Knowledge
verses Certainty.
There is a
relationship between knowing about something and being certain about it.
Knowledge is the base of certainty. The opposite of certainty is doubt and
suspicion. Polytheists say about the day of resurrection as mentioned in the
Koran: {we just suspect but we are not certain}45:32. Meaning they have a
notion that there is another life, that notion is mixed with doubt meaning
suspicion.
Doubt actually
carries the meaning of knowing about something. Knowing about Allah or knowing
about the next life but being in doubt and lacking certainty. This doubt and
suspicion is a cause for those who doubt to descend below the level of
certainty, or even below the level of knowledge.
2) The
relationship between certainty and faith.
Abdullah
ebn-Masood may Allah be pleased with him said: “Patience is the bigger part of
faith, but certainty is faith itself”. That is because patience is a state
which accompanies the individual during performing worship. Allah says: {Be
patient and ask Allah for help, and seek assistance through patience and
prayers}2:45. Allah also says: {and Moses said to his people: ask Allah for
help, and be patient. For this earth belongs to Allah, He shall inherit it to
whomever He pleases}7:128. A slave worshipping Allah needs to get assistance
through patience. That is being patient in all matters, being patient in
obedience to Allah, and being patient in the face of disobedience to Allah;
and being patient in the face of Allah’s fate and destiny. But being certain
is actually the total faith and belief, because worship has to be based upon
certainty. Patience is just one of the benefits of certainty. For certainty
includes faith and religion in their entirety.
The messenger
said: {the most loved deeds to Allah may He be exulted are: a doubtless faith,
and a moderate striving in the line of Allah, and a devoted pilgrimage or
Hajj; which has no reward other than paradise}.
The messenger (PPBU)
when he promised this who testifies that there is no God but Allah, he
promised them paradise and to be forbidden to the hellfire. When he made this
promise he made it conditional with certainty and sincerity or devotion. In
the battle of Tabbook when Muslims were facing hardships; and they wanted to
slaughter their camels to feed on. Omar ebn-Khattab said: “O’ Messenger of
Allah, why don’t we collect the little food that we have, and you make a
prayer to Allah so He would bless the food.” The messenger (PPBU) took Omar’s
advice, and Allah blessed the food so it was enough for the entire army. The
messenger (PPBU) then said: {I bear witness that there is no other God but
Allah, and that I am His messenger. If any slave meets Allah with those two
testimonies, with full certainty and without doubt, then such a slave will
enter paradise}.
In this case, the
case of certainty, whoever sees a sign or a miracle from Allah, as the
companions saw right in front of their eyes. Those who took that with
certainty; and then made the testimony, then it is true that certainty is
faith in its entirety.
Also in the true
story of the death of Mu’aad’s (ãÚÇÐ).
At his death bed, Mu’aad said: “let me tell you something I heard from the
messenger (PPBU). I heard the messenger (PPBU) saying: Whosoever testifies
that there is no God but Allah with certainty in his/her heart will enter
paradise”. This is how far or how much certainty brings those who have it.
This is the certainty that wipes off all suspicion and lusts. A human becomes
one with a heart that is pure of all sins, sparkles with light which is put
into it by the Almighty Allah.
3) The
relationship that patience has with certainty.
Allah says: {we
made some of them leaders who guide people with our commands; when they were
patient and with our signs they were certain} 32:24.
Those are the
characteristics of the preachers who guide other; those through whom Allah
takes the slaves out of darkness to light; and Allah will use as His argument
against the disbelievers on the day of reckoning.
You will find that
each and every preacher of the truth; Allah Has given him those two
characteristics: patience and certainty. Without patience they would not be
able to persevere and resist the testing, the luring and the seductions. And
without certainty they would not be able to continue holding steady and
straight. Despite what the obstacle are; whoever is given those two
characteristics is given leadership in religion. Sufian said about them: They
took on the most important of all matters, and so they became the most
important and the leaders for people. And the important or the highest of all
matters within the heart are certainty with patience.
Both of those two
characteristics are a pre condition to be present for a preacher, a striver,
and this who seeks to get closer to Allah; and this who wishes to worship
Allah as Allah wants to be worshipped.
4) The status
of certainty with Prophet Abraham (PBU).
Being certain with
this firmness and this understanding is a status loved by Allah (may He be
exulted). Allah wants His slaves to strive to reach this level. Allah says:
{and so we show Abraham the kingdom of heavens and earth so he may be with
those who are certain}6:75. Abraham was a true believer as he said to his
father in this verse: {and when Abraham said to his father Azara: do you take
sculptured statues as Gods? I see you and your people in a clear misguidance}
6:74. This verse indicates that Abraham is at a level of faith; which comes
before certainty. Him being faithful; he determined that his father and people
are misguided because they worshiped other that Allah. But Allah wanted to
increase this level of faith to the level of certainty. It is a higher level.
Allah chose this method of showing him the kingdom of heavens and earth to
achieve certainty. After he became certain, after seeing and considering, he
became absolutely sure that his people are wrong. He disowned them. Allah gave
him the stronger argument, and dashed away their allegations. Abraham became
certain that security and guidance can only be for those who have faith. And
that disbeliveers have no share in it.
This bares some
similarity with the request Abraham made when he said: {and when Abraham said:
God show me how you bring the dead to life. He said: and do you not believe?
He said: I do, but in order for my heart to relax and be at peace} 2:260. It
is a further degree of certainty and assurance. This is the truth of
certainty. Looking at that; we find that the certainty Abraham obtained
brought the fruits in the form of certainty in obedience to Allah’s commands.
Certainty which no one else seems to have; except whomever Allah made them to
be.
So, what is that
certainty that Abraham had? And what is it that Abraham was commanded to do
when he was at that state of certainty? What is the type of command that very
few people would obey. He was commanded to slaughter his son. He was not even
given the command by angel Gabriel. He was given the command in the form of a
dream during sleep. A mere vision, yet he didn’t say: “oh.. it could be Satan
or may be: see if I dream the same thing another night!” Or some other excuse.
Certainty in his faith made him obey, and made his son obey. Certainty was
with the father and with the son. He was given this level; called:
certainty in faith. And this is the level that Allah wants; and He wants
his prophets and His supporters to be at.
We ask Allah to give us knowledge which will be of benefit, and a good
accepted deed. And all thanks be to Allah.
Notes:
-
Adhan
- The call to prayer.
-
Ansar (or Al-Ansar):
Assalam Alaikum -
The Islamic greeting, literately means: Peace
be with you. Used when approaching or leaving. When used during approaching
it will be like saying: I bring no harm to you . and when said during
leaving somebody it will mean: No harm will come to you after I leave.
Aya (or Ayah):
is a verse of the Koran.
It also means a miracle or a sign from God.
Arafa (or Arafah or Arafat):
is a mountain
outside the city of Mecca
that represents the climax of the Hajj worship. All doing
Hajj must stay at this location on the same
day.
Badr
- The place of the first significant battle between the Muslims and the
pagans of the Quraish. It is located in Saudi Arabia.
Caliph
- A Muslim ruler. See:
(Khalifa)
Dajjal
- Antichrist or the False Massiah.
Dawah
- The proliferation of Islamic teachings through word and deed.
Deen (Din)
- Religion or way of life.
Duaa:
a prayer in the form of
talking to Allah;
praising him and asking him for help.
Fatwa
- Legal verdict given based on the Qur'an (Koran) and the Sunnah which are
the recorded sayings and deeds of Muhammad.
Ferdose:
is the highest level of
the all the gardens of Eden or paradise.
Fiqh
- Religious law.
Hadeeth:
is something reported
that the messenger have said. It includes all the speeches and ceremonies he gave.
It is usually narrated or told by one
of his companions. There is a list of hadeeths approximately 14000 that are
reported and checked to be genuine. No
more hadeeths are acceptably added to this list.
Hajar -
The Black Stone set into the corner of the
Ka'aba in Mecca. It is said to be a stone from Heaven.
Hajj -
The pilgrimage to Mecca which takes place in
the last month of the Islamic calendar. One of the five pillars of Islam.
Hasana or hasanas:
is the reward for a good deed. a hasana is a point or a merit for a good deed.
Hadith
- The sayings and not deeds of the prophet Muhammad recorded by his
followers. Considered authoritative and perfect.
Hajj: is
the worship of pilgrimage.
Hijra (or
Hejrah):
the event of the immigration of the messenger from Mekkah to Madina. This
event marks the start of the Islamic calendar. the Islamic calendar has 12
months based on the lunar cycle, each is 29.5 days. Hijra is also used as a
name for the Islamic dating system.
Ibadah -
Worship. All the words and deeds with which
Allah is pleased. These deeds could be prayer and charity.
Iblis - (Ibleese):
On of Satan's names.
Ibn (Ebn): the son of. Used
by Arabs as part of an individual's name. Example: Ali whose father is Omar
or the son of Omar, would be called: Ali Ibn
Omar.
Imam
(or Emam)- The leader for a prayer. In the Shiaa sect, an Imam is the individual who has the religious authority.
Iman:
belief or faith
Injil (Enjeel) -
The Bible. The book inspired to Jesus for the
Christians.
Islam
- Submission, the religion of all the
prophets of Allah culminating in Muhammad.
Jannah -
The heavenly garden, Paradise. The place of
the faithful in the afterlife.
Jihad:
is striving in the
line
of Allah in many forms. Includes a very wide scope varying from improving
oneself to fighting a defensive war in protection
of Allah's word. The greatest Jihad is the
fight one's self against temptations.
It also means "holy war."
Jinn
-
Supernatural, invisible beings race of
beings, below angels. They were made from fire. Like humans, there amongst
them are the faithful and the non beleivers and Jinn shall be judged on
Judgment Day.
Ka'aba:
A cube shaped building in
Mecca containing a stone laid there by Abraham and Ishmael. Some say
Ka'aba was first built by Adam, and some say by
Abraham. It is the holiest place for Muslims. It is where all Muslims face in their daily prayers.
Ka'aba also makes a major part of the pilgrimage
in a ritual known as Tawaf.
Khalifa:
is the Muslim ruler. Head of the Islamic empire. Exact translation:
"Successor".
Khutbah -
A sermon given in a Mosque, usually on Friday.
Kufr -
Denial or Disbelief. A term Muslims use for
anyone who denies existence of Allah or the prophecy of Muhammed.
Koran
- Also spelled Qur'an. The holy book
of Islam revealed to Muhammad by Allah through the Archangel Gabriel. Koran
literally means "the recital." It is the final revelation of Allah given to
the prophet Muhammad. It consists of 114 surahs (or chapters.)
Madinah - (Medinah): A city in the
Arabian
peninsula
(in the country known now as Saudi Arabia). A city where the messenger had to
immigrate to.
Then it was called Yathrib.
Masjid -
A
center for Muslim activity. It is referred to as a mosque.
Masiah -
A
sin, or a sinful act
Mecca or Makkah:
is
the holiest city for Muslims. It contains the Ka'aba mosque with the famous
black cubical shape. Mecca is the birth place of the messenger (PPBU).
Mosque - A Muslim
house of worship.
Muhajir -
(Muhajireen)
Immigrant, one who leaves his home town due to lack of religious freedom. It
was first used to describe early Muslims immigrating from Mecca to Median
and Ethiopia.
Muhammad -
the final messenger and
prophet of God whose message abrogated all previous revelations. He
received the Koran through the angel Gabriel over a 23 year period. Born in
Mecca and died in Medina at the age of 63. His full name: Muhammad
ibn Abd-Allah
Muslim
- One who holds faith to the religion of
Islam.
Nafilah:
a voluntary prayer other
than the five obligatory prayers; performed at any time.
Nasara -
Christians. Nasrani:
A Christian individual. Nasraniah:
Christianity.
Ommah:
is the Arabic word for a
nation. It usually refers to
the Islamic nation unless otherwise specified.
Paradise -
Another word for heaven. A
garden of bliss, fruits, rivers and all forms of pleasures imaginable and
imaginable. No suffering, disease or death. Service is provided by angels.
All live in it an ever lasting youthful life. Promised by Almighty
Allah to all faithful, true Jews, true Christians and True Muslims. Paradise
is one of two places every person will go to, either Paradise or Hellfire.
PPBU
(P.B.U.H.) :
Peace and Prayers Be
Upon him. A statement Muslims use any time they mention the name of the
messenger or make a reference to him.
Qadar -
Fate. Preordainment is the teaching that all
things, good and bad, are preordained to occur.
Qadr - (night of Qadr):
The night when the first
revelation of the Koran took place. Most likely it happened during one of the
last ten nights of the month of Ramadan. Or when the Koran was brought down to
the nearest heaven in one go, and from there it was brought down in bits and
few verses at a time over a period of 23 years. This night is considered the
holiest night for Muslims with tremendous advantages.
Qibla -
The direction which Muslims turn for daily
prayers, towards Mecca.
Quraish -
An ancient Arab tribe to which the messenger
Muhammad belonged.
Ramadan -
The ninth month of the Islamic calendar which
is the month of the fast. The holiest month in the Muslim colander.
Salat -
Prayers. Generally it covers all forms of
worship, but more specifically refers to the Muslim rituals which is
performed to worship Allah five times daily.
Shiaa:
A sect of Islam that teaches that a religion
leader (Imam) should be the political ruler and must be direct descendants
of the messenger (PPBU). Therefore, disapproving of all Muslim leaders who
ruled After the messenger (PPBU) except Ali, the messenger's grandson.
Shirk -
Associating another god with Allah. Or associating anyone or anything with
Allah. Or using anyone or anything as a medium to Allah. The opposite of
Monotheism or Tawheed.
Siam or Soam-
Fasting
Sunni:
is a the title of those Muslims who are suppose to be following the life
style of the messenger. This differentiates them from the Shiaa of Iran.
Sunna (Sunnah):
Is how the Messenger PPBU lived, what he did or said. It includes the way he
dressed, ate, drank, prayed, interacted with other people and fought.
Basically, sunnah is the life style of the messenger PPBU. It is considered
the second source of legislation in Islamic laws and it is considered to be an
important reference to be used for concluding arguments and disputes.
It is also a title give to the main stream Muslims who make 90% if all
Muslims.
Surah -
A
chapter of the Koran.
Tawaf:
part of the pilgrimage (Hajj)
ritual. It involves walking round the Ka'aba Mosque in anti-clock wise
direction a number of seven circles.
Tauhid - Tawheed -
Monotheism, in Islam is the teaching that
there is only one God who alone is worthy of worship. The first requirement
of becoming a Muslim. It is included in the testimony of faith for new
Muslims when declaring that God is one: (No God but Allah)
Taqwah -
Proper fear and veneration of Allah. A divine spark that enables the person
to understand God.
Taurat: The old
Testaments and scriptures of Mosa.
Ummah -
the word means: a Nation. Usually refers to
the Islamic nation unless otherwise stated.
Umrah - (Amrah):
A mini hajj. A Minor form of pilgrimage to
Mecca. Unlike Hajj which can only be done on the 12th month of the Islamic
year, Umrah can be performed at any time.
Wathoo (wadoo): a washing up ritual
done by Muslims before each of the five daily prayers known as ablution.
Zaboor -
The
Psalms
Zakat -
The
third pillar of Islam. Alms giving, charity that is given to the poor.
